Were Houses Easier to Buy for our Parents Generation?
Posted by miller on 29 Mar 2007 at 12:44 am | Tagged as: Housing/Mortgages
Amidst all the constant talk about the housing bubble deflating these days, I’ve been asking myself the following question: is it easier or harder for my generation to buy a house than my parents’ generation? The sneak peak answer is yes, a lot harder! To answer this question, I found some historical average housing price data for the last 50 years. Let’s see what secrets are revealed.
First, let me be specific about my data. The data is the median price of houses actually sold, reported quarterly. We’ll talk about what that implies later – first, to the data!

Clearly, we see the price of housing has been going up. No surprise. And yes, you’re reading that correctly. The average house cost less than $20k in the early 60s, compared to $250k these days. But… a cheeseburger used to cost a quarter back in the day, right? So let’s take inflation out of the equation. I’ll normalize the data into June 2006 dollars. So now we’re looking at the real price of the average house over the last 50 years.

Suddenly, the price of housing isn’t increasing that much, is it? In fact, working out the numbers, housing has had a average real gain of only about 1.7% annually. Let’s think about what the means.

It means the real price of the average house is more expensive now than it was (about 65% more than 40 years ago). But, I would bet the average house now is a lot nicer than the average house was 40 years ago. Things like A/C are becoming quite standard. Construction is nicer (better insulation, etc.). There are lots of benefits — highlighted by the every day modern conveniences.
But there is one more critical piece of information to answer my original question. How have wages increased over time in America? My initial reaction would be to say the average income mirrors inflation. But why guess when the US Census gives you the real data! Here is the average American annual household income over the years.

And now inflation-adjusted for 2005 dollars.

Hmmm, not looking too hot. Finally, looking at the yearly gain.

Over the 30 years I have data for, the average US household income has only had an real increase of 0.3% annually. This means it has basically kept up with inflation (my instinct was correct!). This is clearly lower than the 1.7% gain that the average house has seen.
You may not think this 1.4% difference is a big deal, and year-to-year, you’d be right. But what about over 30 years (again, comparing me with my parents)? 1.4% over 30 years is 51.75%! Now that is significant! The average house will cost me ~50% higher than it would have cost my parents!
So, Mom and Dad, houses are harder for me to buy than they were for you to buy. However, my house will be a little bit nicer! =)
I’ve always thought that home mortgages were easier to get years ago…this is a great article. Thanks!
[...] Real Estate My Pocket Change Searchlight Crusade Free Money Finance Daddy Financials Make Your Nut Phil For Humanity Blueprint For Financial Prosperity Salt Lake Real Estate Blog [...]
In a similar time period in the UK, house price inflation has been about 2% above normal inflation, but I thought that was caused by the housing shortage. If its the same in the US then maybe there’s something else going on. Although houses built more recently are not really any nicer than houses built 20 or 25 years ago, and houses built more than 30 years ago are quite a bit bigger than more modern houses.
[...] I knew it was more expensive for me to buy a house than my parents but MyPocketExchange has clearly documented it. [...]
It certainly does make you wonder! I’d also be interested in seriously comparing today’s “average” house to last generation’s “average” house. I mentioned briefly modern conveniences (like air conditioning). But I also wonder about size of the house and size of the lot. Maybe it’s just because I live in a city, but I feel like land plots are becoming smaller and smaller. front and back yards seem like a thing of the past! And unfortunately, if you consider that a developer can build three townhomes on the same plot as one stand-alone (for lack of a better term), its not wonder!
I don’t know if you can claim what you’re suggesting by just looking at the means. There seems to be alot of variation in the plots that you have (Yealy Housing Price Gain and Real Gain in Ave. Household Income). What would happen if you constructed a 95% confidence interval (Mean + or - 2 standard deviations)? My gut says that the interval would include 0 and suggest the opposite of your conclusion.
Nelson, I would be the first to sign up for analyzing more data than just the median price, but I honestly wouldn’t know where to find that data in a reasonable form. I think I can get mean data too. Perhaps that is worth looking at also.
However, with that said, I must respectfully disagree with your conclusions about the reliability of the data. You speak about the “noise” like quality of the two gain plots. I agree they do look noise-like, however I didn’t deduce my average annual returns from those plots. Those plots are derived from the real value plots, which clearly show the trends *over time*. If I started with the gains plots and generated real value plots, then I would agree. But that is not how this was generated.
To calculate the average annualized return, I simply took an end point and a beginning point and found what the average gain would have to be. I did *not* average out the year to year gains (which we agree looks noise-like). Perhaps that is mostly your concern?
Another point, since I am using medians here, already thousands and thousands of points have been used to generate the data. The data has already been stabilized by averaging over all the home sales, right?
Lastly, if one were to look at the day to day fluctuations of the stock market, one would (correctly) conclude that it looks VERY noise-like. However, if you stretch that out over many many years, the upward trend (and associated bull and bear markets) are clearly identified. This is really no different.
Here’s the punchline, in my opinion:
Eyeballing your data, the average house in 1960 cost around $20k and the average household income was around $7k/year.
Fast forward and the average house price is around $250k and the average household makes around $46k.
So looking @ the multipliers: the average house cost 2.6x income in 1960 vs 5.4x income in 2006.
So yeah…a lot more expensive.
But: compare the average house in 1960 w/ the average house now. I don’t have the stat in front of me (I’ll have to dig it up) but the average house size has skyrocketed. It would be interesting to see what the average cost is now of a house that’s comparable to the average house that was built in the ’60s.
Perhaps it’s not that houses have gotten more expensive, it’s just that our standards have gone up and we expect more.
Interestingly enough, in the Sunday Times an article stated that for years (at least since the 60s) around 60-65% of Americans owned homes. That rate has actually increased recently to around 70% due to initiatives in the Clinton administration. Some of those initiatives certainly contributed to the “predator” lending practices that are making the news now. It will be interesting to see where that % ends up after that situation comes to equilibrium. While the initiatives were well intentioned, I am sure it must be much worse to own a home and have it foreclosed on by the bank, than to never own a home in the first place. You know what they say about the road to hell…
Christopher, I have the same thoughts as you. I wish there were some way to compare the average house now to the average house then. I tried to touch on some things like air conditioning that have been become common now. Seeing as I wasn’t born before the 80s, I have a somewhat stunted ability to judge the average house 30 years ago…
Greg, yea, I’ve heard that the percentage of homeowners is higher these days… I am on the look out for such statistics to post. It is an interesting apparent paradox.
I got a 3 bedroom 2 story home with 1200 square feet and a decent sized basement in a nice safe neighborhood in ohio for 18,200! so i don t think the home prices have increased that much. my mom paid 30,000 for his house in the 1976! just depends on where you buy i guess